Secondary or storage battery.



W. S. OCONNOR.

SECONDARY 0R STORAGEVBATTERY. APPLICATION FILED APR. 29. 19H. sNgwED MAY 15, 1915'.

1,164,746. Patented 1360.21, 1915.

SECONDARY 0R STORAGE BATTERY.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dcc.21,19l5.

I Application filed April 29, 1911, Serial No. 624,205. ReneWed May 15, 1915. Serial No. 28,478.

ary or Storage Batteries, which the following is a specification.

My invention is directed particularly to improvements in storage batteries of the )F aure or Brush type. and it has for its objects-First, to generally increase the efficiency of such batteries. Second, to afford at all timesas free aicirculation of the electrolyte as possible through all parts of the battery when the elements thereof are as;

sembled and ready for commercial use.

Third, to afi'ord a freerelease of all generated gases. ,I I I I To this end my invention-1s directed generically to the ventilation of the plates and the, insulating media which separates the same so that thefreest circulation of the electrolyte iseifectedtransversely through the plates and laterallyv between the same,

and also that in the event of the release of any of the active material it is permitted todescend by action of gravitation to the bottom of thecontaining vessel.

'My invention will be fully understood by referring to theaccompanying drawings, in

which, Figure 1 I storage battery of the well known Faure or Brush type and embodying my improvement, the 'perforatedinsulating plate which protects or retains the active material on the outer faces of the grids being broken away I on the right in order to enable one to better understand the details of construction. Fig.

. 2 is a part plan, part sectional view, as seen rections, both between theplates and through the plates and the insulating media which separates the same, in ordervnot only that the electrolyte may have an absolutely free circulation through the plates themselves when amassed, but between the same,

and; also that all the generated gases may readily escape in .all directions, thereby greatly decreasing the resistance of the'complete cell.

is a side elevational view of. a

.' Referring now to the drawings in detail, I-will describe my improvement as shown, particularly in connection with a cell of the Brush type, in which I have illustrated two anode or electrode plates A, A, assembled with one cathode or electrode plate G, the latter located between the former and the anode plates provided with the usual integral lead. lugs or ears E, E, the cathode plate having a like lug or ear E In all ofthese plates there are shown the usual grids G, G on both faces thereof and the same are packed or filled with active material F, as clearly shown. The lugs or ears E for the anode plates are preferably located at the bottom of the cell, while the tors L- being insulated to the full depth of i the electrolyte when-placed in the cell. My

improvement is illustrated as applied to this type of storage battery plates and embraces preferably a series of vertically disposed slots or openings H, H, H, H, which assume in each plate the proportions shown; that is to say, a height approximating the depth of the cell and a width the same as that of one set of grids in each plate.

My improvement embraces further a plu- I rality of separating plates of insulating material I, I, such as ,hard rubber, celluloid, etc, which are located on the opposite faces of all of the plates and; are provided each with corresponding slots or openings ofthe same length and width as the slots H, H in the plates, said slots calendering with the slots through the plates when the elements of. the battery are assembled, as clearly shown. S, S, S, S represent four sets of triangular shaped blocks of laminated insulating material, preferably hard rubber, which are located between the four corners of ad joining plates, as clearly shown in Fig. 2, and are when assembled ofsuch thickness respectively asto'afl'ord lateral ventilation in the nature of. vertically disposed spaces between all of the plates. The insulating plates 1,1, are also provided with relatively fine perforations J, J so as to afford free access of the electrolyte to the active material F in the grids G, and they may be secured to the plates by wment if preferred.

The parts are all assembled in the manner shown in the drawings and are then bound together in any. preferred way. In the drawings I have illustrated the binding means as consisting of a plurahty of soft rubber or other elastic bands K of insulating material which secure the parts in such relation to each other as to produce the best It will be noted, therefore, that when the parts are assembled in the manner shown in the drawings and placed in a cell with the necessary amount of electrolyte to efiect the desired result the action of the battery is the plates in a direction 90 from that of the .circulation through the slots H, H, and that also there will, therefore, be afforded the freest possible elimination of the gases generated. I have ascertained that'with a plate of this nature also there is little or no tends ency to buckle and that even if any activematerial is released it is readily'carried out either through the slots H, H or through the.

vertical slots at the sides and bottoms of the plates and between the same; The resistance is also materially decreased, as will be obvious, by reason of the great freedom with which the gases generated are released. The circulation of the electrolyte is also greatly increased by reason of such ventilation.

I do not limit my invention to the specific details of construction shown in the .drawings, as obviously various means of transvverse, ventilation through storage battery plates might be effected, as by individual holes or openings of any desired contour or area, such matters falling fully within the skill of those versed in the art,'the essence of my invention lying in the cross or trans- '1n combination with verse ventilation of storage battery plates when assembled, and also in the vertical ventilation thereof when combined with cross ventilating openings or slots. Nor do I limit myself to the use of my invention as applied especially to storage batteries of the Faure or Brushtype, as obviously the same might be utilized in storage batteries-of the Plant type or in ;faetin any storage battery of the plate type where the ampere capacity, of the battery is made dependent upon the superficial area of the plate. In other words, my improvement has an especial utility in storage battery plates now known In the art as of the unifunctional type in contradistinction to those batteries lrnown as of the bifunctional type, such, for

1nstance,'as disclosed in a number of U. S.-

Copies 0! this vertically disposed. calendering two subscribing witnesses.

patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressin patents granted to Alfred O. Tate, and as illustrated particularly in U. 926,710 of June 29th, 1910. Nor do I limit S. Patent the insulating media toperforated plates, as

1. A storage battery embracing interven- ,ing anodes and cathodes of grld-hke form having a series of vertical slots which calen-- der with-each other in allof the grids, and

a series of perforated insulating separators combination with insulating means between the corners of adjoining grids whereby' perfect ventilation is maintained through the battery, substantially as described.

2. A storage battery embracing intervening'anodes and cathodes of grid-like form having a series of vertical slots which calender with each other in all of the grids, and

aseries of perforated insulating separators; triangular-shaped blocks of laminated insulating material located between the four corners of the several electrodes, substantially as described.v

3. A; storage battery consisting of a plurality of grids containing active material in their alternate surfaces, said grids having vertically disposed slots or openings located at equal distances apart and calendering with each other throughout the battery; in combination, with perforated separating plates between-the anodes and cathodes together with insulating means between the corners of adjoining grids and flexible binding means for holding the several parts of the battery together, substantially as described.

4. In a storage battery anode lates consisting of grids with active material applied on opposite sides, and cathode plates similarly constructed; all of said plates having slots approximating the height of the plates;'together with perforated separating plates located between said grids and triangular-, shaped blocks located between the corners of the respective grids at the top and bottom, whereby both lateral and vertical ventilation is effected; in combination I ing bands for holding the grids in operative relation, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of WILLIAM SCOTT OCONNOR. Witnesses:

C. J. Kmrm,

M. F. Kahuna.

g the commissioner of Patents,

Washington, D. 0."

with bind- 

